Die Reise nach Afrika. Grosses Schauspiel in vielen Aufzügen [Travel to Africa. Great Spectacle in Many Acts]
3,200.00€
An educational toy for children, designed as a cyclorama - a card theater featuring rotating images in the center. It represents dramatic scenes with heroic Muslims and was created during the German economic growth interest in North Africa, especially in Egypt. Accompanied by a rare original pamphlet addressing the connection between voice and visual effect.
DIPLOMACY / OTTOMAN EMPIRE: Protocole pour la Réception à la Cour Impériale des Chefs de Mission Étrangers
320.00€
[Protocol for the Reception of Heads of Foreign Mission at the Imperial Court] 8°, [4 pp.], original pink wrappers with lettering (wrappers with tiny folds, but overall in a good condition). The manual in French language describes the diplomatic rules for foreign ambassadors, ministers, hereditary princes and officials at the Ottoman Imperial court.
DOMINICA, WEST INDIES – ROSEAU IMPRINT: Third Report of the Medical Superintendent of Yaws Hospitals.
1,200.00€
An exceedingly rare survivor - 1 of only 2 known examples - an official, authoritative account of the efforts of the crusading physician Henry Nicholls to combat the scourge of Yaws, a highly infectious disease that was then ravaging the working population of the Caribbean island of Dominica; here Nicholls details the disease’s origins, symptoms, pathology, diagnoses, and treatments, and…
DON COSSACKS CHOIR ATAMAN GENERAL KALEDIN – MUNICH – WHITE RUSSIAN ÉMIGRÉS
450.00€
A small collection of rare ephemera gives an insight of a short- lived Don Cossacks Choir “Ataman General Kaledin”, founded in Munich under the influence of the Serge Jaroff’s Choir by a White Russian émigré Nicolas Nikolaïevitch von Leuchtenberg.
DP CAMP PRINTING – SCHOOL BOOK – SLAVIC PRINTING: Zemljepis Slovenije in Jugoslavije za 8. gim. raz. [Geography of Slovenia and Yugoslavia for the 8th Class of Gymnasiums].
220.00€
A rare school book of geography, printed in Slovenian language, in a DP camp in Spittal, Austria, by the refugees from Slovenia two years after WWII.
Искуство да бѫдемъ щастливи [The Art of Being Happy / L’arte di essere felici]
180.00€
8°. 85 pp., [3], original printed wrappers (uncut example, small tears and folds in the corner, wrappers slightly dusty with minor tears in the spine).
Съгласіе-то на четыре-те евангелія [Comparison of the Four Gospels]
420.00€
Istanbul: A. H. Boyacıyan - American Bible House 1880. 8°. XIX, 231 pp., [6 pp.], original blue cloth binding with debossed decoration and gilt lettering on the spine, old plate mounted on the inner side of the front cover, old list mounted on the rear free endpaper, old small annotations on the title page, otherwise in a good condition).
EARLY AESTHETIC PROSTHETICS / PROSTHODONTICS: C. A. Lorenz. Leipzig. 1, Koenigs-Platz 1. … Dental Katalog 1900.
420.00€
8°, [10 pp.] title page, colour plate and an introduction, 239 pp. with black and white illustrations, original illustrated wrappers (slightly age-toned and stained, small chips and folds in the corners and margins, old annotations in pencil on the first and last blank paper, wrappers slightly water-stained and tiny loss of paper on the spine, inside overall in a good,…
Early Anti-Hitler Publication: Hitler ve Nasyonal Sosyalizm
1,200.00€
[Hitler and the National Socialism] The first separately printed biography of Adolf Hitler in Turkish language, with a critical analysis of the National socialism and a problem of anti-Semitism, published in the year, when Hitler was elected a chancellor. Signed by the author 8°, 147 pp., with interleaved sepia photographs, contemporary green cloth binding with gilt lettering…
EARLY BENGALI NOVEL: হরিষে বিষাদ। [Swarnalata]
680.00€
12°, [4 pp.] title and introduction, 338 pp., [2 pp.], contemporary black half goat with gold lines on the spine and a small round paper label on the side, black cloth boards, speckled edges (internally crisp and clean, endpapers slightly age-toned, spine slightly rubbed and with small cracks, endpapers with annotations in pencil, red and bron ink, cracks in…
EARLY ISLAMIC WORLD: تاريخ العرب العسكرى [Arab Military History]
380.00€
A detailed book on the early military history of the Arab World, centered on Mecca 8°, 254 pp., [2 pp.], 3 interleaved folding maps, original illustrated wrappers (wrappers with minor foxing and wear to the edges, one map split in the fold, but overall in a good condition).
EARLY OTTOMAN AMERICANA / CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS: روبرتسون نام مورف مشهورك مولفاتندن يكى دنيانلر كشفنه داتر اولان تاريخى اولوب انجمن دانشك اعضاً خارجيه سنده و باب عالى ترجمه اوطه سى خلفاسنده عبدالغفار انيس بنده لرى انكليز لسانزه ترجمه اتمشدر Histoire de la découverte du nouveau monde p. Robertson traduite p. Enis Abdoulgaffar effendi membre de l’académie turqe en 1269 de l’Hegir – cet ouvrage est traduit de l’anglais
9,500.00€
روبرتسون نام مورف مشهورك مولفاتندن يكى دنيانلر كشفنه داتر اولان تاريخى اولوب انجمن دانشك اعضاً خارجيه سنده و باب عالى ترجمه اوطه سى خلفاسنده عبدالغفار انيس بنده لرى انكليز لسانزه ترجمه اتمشدر Histoire de la découverte du nouveau monde p. Robertson traduite p. Enis Abdoulgaffar effendi membre de l’académie turqe en 1269 de l’Hegir – cet ouvrage est traduit de…
Early Ottoman Lithographed Map of the World: مجموعهء معارف [Mecmua-i maarif]
550.00€
A first issue of an exceedingly rare ephemeral Ottoman magazine, with possibly largest lithographed map of the world before the appearance of the late Ottoman chromolithographed atlases. 8°, 40 pp. with lithographed black and white plates, coloured folding lithographed map, 25 x 39 cm, original green wrappers with lettering on the inner sides (repaired tear in the folding…
EARLY RUSSIAN COMMUNIST NEWSPAPER, PRINTED IN EXILE: Дискуссіонный листокъ. Приложеніе къ центральному органу Соціальдемократъ [Diskussіonnyĭ listok. Priloženіe k centralnomu organu Socіaldemokrat / Discussion Leaflet. Appendix of a central organ Social
980.00€
A rare complete set of three Communist newspapers, published in Paris in 1910 and 1911, by the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party in exile, includes articles by Lenin, who lived in there at the time.
EARTHQUAKE OF LJUBLJANA: Das Erdbeben von Laibach und seine Ursachen. Vortrag, gehalten in der Versammlung des naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines für Steiermark am 20. April 1895
280.00€
[The Earthquake of Ljubljana and its Causes. A Lecture Held at the Conference of the Association for Natural Science for Styria in April 20th, 1895] A rare speech on the Ljubljana earthquake of 1895, held in Graz by a geologist Rudolf Hoernes 8°. 61 pp., [2 pp.] blank, old blue wrappers (minor staining and foxing, wrappers with tiny…
EBRU – LATE OTTOMAN MARBLED PAPER: تاريخ استقبال. مسائل سياسيه
320.00€
[Tarih-i İstikbâl. Mesaif-i Siyasiye / Reception History. Political Issues] A charming late Ottoman binding made of Ebru – or Islamic marbled paper 8°. 208 pp., contemporary marbled paper boards with envelope flaps and brown calf spines (last 15 pages slightly age-toned and water stained, binding with minor wear, otherwise in a good condition).
Economie Rurale. اقتصاد زراعى [İktisad-ı Ziraai / Agricultural Economy]
1,200.00€
An exceedingly rare mimeographed illustrated book on the economy in agriculture, made for an Ottoman school with a stunning multicolour title page showcasing a well-managed farm 8°: 422 pp., [2 pp.] index, mimeographed text with illustrations, charts and vignettes, illustrated title page, old corrections and annotations in pencil and blue ink, original blue cloth with debossed ornaments (minor…
Edital. / O Principe Regente nosso senhor por Sua Real resolução de 27 de julho do corrente anno em consulta do Tribunal da Real Junta do Commercio, Agricultura, Fabricas, e Navegação deste Estado do Brazil, e Dominios Ultramarinos: Foi servido authorizer o mesmo Tribunal, assim para estabelecer premios, pelas sobras do seu cofre, ás pessoas que fizerem climatizar em qualquer lugar dos seus Estados, e Dominios, arvores de especiaria fina da India, e que introduzirem a Cultura de outros vegetaes, ou indigenos, ou forasteiros, que são preciosos pelos usos que tem na Pharmacia, Tinturaria, e mais Artes…
1,800.00€
Extremely rare – 1 of only 3 known examples – an ‘Edital’ (Notice) broadside issued by the exiled Portuguese royal court in Brazil that encourages the cultivation of plants that have pharmacological and industrial uses, part of Brazil’s revolutionary economic liberalization programme overseen by the ‘Real Junta do Commercio’, published in Rio de Janeiro by the Impressão Regia, Brazil’s…
EGYPT / SUDAN: السودان :من التاريخ القديم إلى رحلة البعثة المصرية
950.00€
An indispensable and highly sophisticated primary account tracking the interconnected geopolitical and cultural ties of the Nile Valley, written during the complex dual governance of the Anglo-Egyptian Condominium.
EGYPT / TRAVELOGUE: مصور مصر خاطراتی [Musavver Mısır Hâtırâtı / Illustrated Egypt Diaries]
250.00€
8°, 184 pp. with black and white illustrations, original illustrated wrappers, later spine (small tears in margins, small patches with loss of text due to glue on three pages replaced with manuscript in pencil, otherwise in a good condition).
Egypt Atlas: اطلس ابتدائى للقطر المصرى [Elementary Atlas of Egypt].
2,800.00€
A very rare and important Arabic language school atlas of Egypt, commissioned by the country’s Education Ministry and Ministry of Finance, emblematic of the country’s emerging national awakening whereby Egyptians gradually regained control over their country’s economy and institutions from the British quasi-colonial regime; in this vein, such cartographic works in the Arabic language, made for the use of…
EGYPTIAN BOOK DESIGN / EGYPTIAN LITERATURE: جزيرة الجيب و مشاهد أخرى
220.00€
[The Pocket Island and Other Stories] Signed by the author 8°, 194 pp., [2 pp.], original illustrated wrappers (wrappers with a tiny chip and repairs on the spine, inside a good, uncut examples, author’s dedication and signature on the title page).
EGYPTOLOGY / DEMOTIC SCRIPT / ROSETTA STONE: Ecriture démotique égyptienne, Lettre de Mr. Champollion-Figeac, à Mr. Ch. Lenormant (7 février 1843
2,500.00€
A rare and important work on Demotic script, the ‘keystone’ that linked ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphics to the medieval world, which permitted the legendary philologist Jean-François Champollion to decipher the Rosetta Stone; the present study written by his brother, the archaeologist Jacques-Joseph Champollion-Figeac, is largely based upon the late Jean-François’s work, and critically emphasized the alphabetical nature of the script and…
EL ATALEH, SOMALIA: Africa – Costa Est. Ancoraggi di Itala (Ata Eh). Rilievi eseguiti dalle R. Navi Staffetta e Governolo Comandanti: Capitano di Fregata P. Botti – 1898, Capitano di Fregata G. Patris – 1904, Capitano di Fregata A. Riva di Fenile – 1906.
150.00€
This is the extremely rare first edition of the Italian Navy’s sea chart of stretch of the Somali coast around El Ataleh, some ways up from Mogadishu. Zincograph (Good, but with noticeable wear along old folds with some toning in upper area), 63 x 59 cm (25 x 23 inches).
El Mosaico
5,200.00€
An exceedingly rare, nearly complete set of 184 issues (of 186) of one of the pioneering Colombian magazines, promoting contemporary literature, extra illustrated with four lithographs by Manuel Doroteo Carvajal Marulanda.
Elisabeth NEUMAYER-SOMOSSY – [Album of Artwork]
950.00€
A unique private photo album representing the collection of works by Austrian-Hungarian artist Elisabeth Neumayer-Somossy, whose creations transitioned from applied arts to highly valued artworks.
Engineering / Late Ottoman Empire / Railways and Bridges: كنج مهندس
1,600.00€
MÜHENDIS MEKTEBI İKTISAD CEMIYETI [Ottoman Society of Engineering and Economy]. Hasan RASIM - Hüseyin HILMI - Osman NURI (ed.). VARIOUS AUTHORS. [Genç mühendis / Young Engineer] Istanbul: [Various Publishers] 1324-1330 [1909-1914] 26 issues (of 62) in one volume, 4°: Nos. 1-26, each with 8 pp., nos. 25 and 26 with 16 pp. each, contemporary faux alligator skin card binding (no.…
Engineering in the Late Ottoman Empire:
450.00€
The two books published by the Ottoman Navy Press present the latest tactics, techniques and constructions on the field of naval warfare and defense. 2 volumes bound-in-one, Small 4°, [8 pp.], 163 pp.,13 illustrations of naval battles on thick paper, separated with blank papers. [8 pp.], 142 pp., [2 pp.], 6 folding plates. Contemporary black cloth boards with…
EPIDEMIOLOGY – MEXICO – CHOLERA / MEXICO CITY IMPRINT: Nueva doctrina sobre el cólera, ó sea, Los fenómenos del cólera asiático, estudiados a la luz de la nueva teoría del principio vital, que el profesor Isidoro Olvera escribió y publicó en 1846, bajo el título de “La electricidad aplicada a la esplicación de los fenómenos de la vida”.
1,600.00€
Isidoro OLVERA Crespo (1815 - 1859). Mexico City: Imprenta de J.M. Lara, 1851. 8° (21.5 x 13.5 cm): [4], 119, [3] pp., plus, errata leaf, bound in modern quarter calf over cloth with gilt title to spine (Very Good, overall clean and crisp, just some areas of very light toning) (#70664). Very Rare – a fascinating and unusual treatise…
EROTICA / PERSIAN ILLUSTRATED BOOKS: چهار فصل میکده
4,200.00€
میرزا علی آشتیانی Mirza Ali Mostoufi bin Yusof Ashtiani, also known as Meykadeh میکده, (1253-1322 Author; Mohammad-Mahdi al-Golpayegani; Mostafa, Illustrator. [Chahâr fasl-e Meykade / The Four Seasons of Mikdeh also meaning The Four Seasons of a Tavern] Tehran: 1307 [1889]. Large 8°, 223 pp. [1 pp.] imprint, lithographed text with 31 illustrations, later brown cloth binding (minor age-toning and staining,…
ESPERANTO – BAUDELAIRE: La floroj de l’malbono [Les fleurs du mal]
350.00€
A first and only translation of Les fleurs du mal to Esperanto was published in La Laguna on Tenerife Island in 1957.
ESPERANTO – BOTANY: Atakoj kontraŭ ĝardenplantoj. Kaj kiel prilukti ilin [Attacks on garden plants. And how take care of them].
320.00€
An unusual illustrated work on botany was originally written in Esperanto by a Danish agronomist and Esperantist Paul de Neergaard.
ESPERANTO – CHINA: Ĉina antologio, 1949-1979.
220.00€
An uncommon collection of Esperanto literature and poetry by Chinese authors, was published in Beijing in 1989.
ESPERANTO – JAPAN: La kapao: kaj aliaj rakontoj [Kappa and Other Stories / 河童].
160.00€
An uncommon translation to Esperanto of the Japanese short story Kappa by Ryūnosuke Akutagawa from 1927 was published in Tokyo in 1954.
ESPERANTO – LITHUANIA: Litovaj popolkantoj [Lithuanian Folk Songs].
550.00€
A very rare book of Lithuanian folk songs, translated to Esperanto, was published in Kaunas on the eve of the Soviet occupation of Lithuania, and in the last year of the Lithuanian Esperanto Association before WWII.
ESPERANTO – POETRY. Esperanta Antologio: Poemoj
380.00€
This classics of the Esperanto Anthology was published in 1958 by the Esperanto publishing house Stafeto, in La Laguna, Tenerife.
ESPERANTO – STINDBERG: Insulo de feličuloj [De lycksaliges ö].
180.00€
An uncommon translation of De lycksaliges ö by August Strindberg in Esperanto was published in Leipzig in 1926.
ESPERANTO & ART DECO: La Mondon al ni! [The World to Us!]
360.00€
A rare book with art deco cover by an Austrian author Erich Kilian in Esperanto, was published in Cologne a year before the Nazis forbade publications in Esperanto.
ESPERANTO – HOLOCAUST REPORT: Medalionoj [Medaillons / Medaliony].
220.00€
A first edition of an Esperanto translation of a report on concentration camps in Poland by a Polish autor Zofia Nałkowska.
ESPERANTO – RACIAL THORIES: Scienco kaj pseŭdoscienco pri heredo kaj raso: populara skizo [Science and pseudoscience about heritage and race. A popular sketch],
450.00€
An uncommon work by a Danish scientist in Esperanto with scientific explanations on the development racial distinctions, was published on the eve of WWII and was opposing racism.
ESPERANTO CERVANTES: La malprudenta scivolulo : 33a-34a kaj 35a ĉapitroj de la verko “Don-Kiĥoto” [El Curioso Impertinente / The Curious Impertinent].
100.00€
An uncommon translation of a short story from Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes was translated to Esperanto and published by a private press in 1955 in Spain.
ESPERANTO POETRY: Eterna bukedo: poemoj el dudek lingvoj [Eternal Bouquet: Poems from Twenty Languages].
220.00€
A collection of early Esperanto translations of poetry from the Antiquity to modern times was made by a Hungarian Esperantist Kálmán Kalocsay.
ESPERANTO POETRY: Kontralte [In Contralto].
360.00€
A signed copy of an uncommon poetry book was written and published in Esperanto by a British author Marjorie Boulton.
ESPERANTO POETRY: Miniaturoj: speciala omaĝo al Zamenhof 1859-1959 [MINIATURES. A Special Tribute to Zamenhof 1859-1959]
180.00€
A rare book of poems by a Brazilian Esperantist Geraldo Mattos was published at the 100th anniversary of birth of Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof.
ESPERANTO POETRY: Streĉita kordo [A Taut String].
650.00€
An uncommon first edition of poems, originally written in Esperanto by a Hungarian author Káláman Kalocsay (1891-1976) was published in Budapest in 1931 and is considered one of the finest collections of original Esperanto poetry.
ESPERANTO SCIENCE BOOK: Sciencaj studoj bazitaj sur originalaj esploroj kaj observoj [Scientific studies based on original investigations and observations].
360.00€
An uncommon illustrated scientific book, written in Esperanto, includes numerous original articles on biology, chemistry, geology, linguistics and other topics.
ESPERANTO THEATRE: Jozefo: drama poemo en kvar aktoj kaj epilogo, bazita sur la Biblioa rakonto. [Joseph].
320.00€
A rare theatre play by Jakob David Applebaum was originally published in Esperanto by Stafato publishing house in La Laguna, Tenerife.
ESPERANTO-ESTONIAN POETRY: Elektitaj versajoj [Selected Poems].
180.00€
A very rare copy of selected poems by an Estonian author Marie Under in Esperanto, bound in a decorative art-deco wrappers, was published in Tallinn in 1929.
ESPERANTO: Akbar. Orienta Romano [Akbar. Oriental Novel]..
250.00€
An Esperanto translation of a Dutch novel 1872 Akbar. Oosterse roman in a stunning art deco binding, was translated by Julia Isbrücker and J. R. G. Isbrücker in Cseh method in 1936.
ESPERANTO: De paĝo al paĝo. Literaturaj profiloj [From Page to Page. Literary Profiles].
650.00€
This is a first edition of a famous Esperanto book by Lajos Tárkony on contemporary Esperanto authors, published in Budapest in 1932.
ESPERANTO: El la maniko [From Up My Sleeve].
380.00€
A rare first edition of an Esperanto book of short stories by a Swiss Esperantist Reto Rossetti, published in Stafeto Esperanto publishing house in La Laguna on Tenerife Island in 1955.
ESPERANTO: La kantistino [Die Sängerin].
200.00€
An Esperanto translation of a Wilhelm Hauff's novel Die Sängerin was published in Berlin by Friedrich Ellersiek shortly after WWI, in 1921.
ESPIONAGE / WORLD WAR II: Према информацијама овдашњег министарства инострансих послова… [According to the information of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs here…]
950.00€
A fascinating and important intelligence telegram, sent from the Royal Yugoslavian Embassy in Bern, Switzerland to the Yugoslavian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Belgrade, correctly predicting that Germany planned to attack England in September 1940.
Ex Archetypo P.P. Rubens
280.00€
Copper engraving and etching, 39 x 26 cm (15.3 x 10.2 inches) (minor foxing, but overall in a good condition).
EXPRESSIONISM – SLOVENIA: Kralj Matjaž.
450.00€
A beautifully designed book with expressionistic design of text and drawings in a mint condition was designed by a Slovenian academic artist France Kralj in 1921, who was at the time an active member of contemporary art and political movements.
Family Medicine in the Ottoman Empire: رهب صحت [Rehber-i Sıhhat / Guide to Health].
180.00€
8°: 156 pp. with black and white images, dark green illustrated wrappers (good overall, small tears, small folds and chips to corners, wrappers slightly stained and water-stained, tiny tears and loss of paper to spine, corner of front cover repaired).
FASCIST INDUSTRY: OPERE PUBBLICHE: 1922-1932 [PUBLIC WORKS: 1922-1932].
950.00€
A beautifully designed large book on the growth of the Fascist industry was published at the 10th anniversary of the rule of the National Fascist Party in Italy.
FEMALE ARTISTS: Katalog umetnostne razstave likovnih umetnic iz Beograda, Zagreba, Sušaka in Ljubljane : Ljubljana, 5. XI.-20. XI. 1939
100.00€
A scarce catalogue listing works of 12 Yugoslav female artists, held in Ljubljana in late 1939 in the Jakopič Pavilion.
FEMALE AUTHORS / OTTOMAN EMPIRE: Divân-ı Leylâ Hanım
1,800.00€
A handsome example of an early lithographed edition of a divan, written by an Ottoman female author Leyla Hanım 8°, 110 pp. lithographed text, [2 pp.] blan, two title pages with coloured and additionally illustrated headers, gilt lines to opposite pages, contemporary embossed black boards, later spine (title page with a title in Latin alphabet in ballpoint pen and…
FEMALE AUTHORS / TRAVELOGUE: Recollections of May June July 1868
2,800.00€
A manuscript travelogue of Europe with stunning illustrations, made by a female author Oblong 8°. [5 pp.] blank, [16 pp.] manuscript in black ink with illustrations in gouache, pencil and pencil, accompanied with yellow highlights and toning, illustrated titles and initials, yellow endpapers, [15 pp.] blank, dark green washed silk binding with gold tooling and lettering, gilt edges…
FEMALE EMANCIPATION / ANTI-FASCISM / YUGOSLAV BOOK DESIGN: Žena v sedanji družbi [A Woman in Today’s Society]
280.00€
An unusual early feminist anti-Hitler publication from 1934 was written by a famous Slovenian / Yugoslavian female writer, who later became a partisan fighter, prisoner of the Ravensbrück concentration camp and after the war a victim of the new Yugoslav regime. 8°. 96 pp. with black and white title page, original illustrated wrappers (light foxing, mostly to the wrappers…
Female Emantipation / Erotica Silk Bindings: A collection of 6 Ottoman books on modern Turkish women is bound in original silk bindings with vivid 1920s patterns, which emphasize the presence of a woman as a central motif.
2,400.00€
A collection of 6 Ottoman books on modern Turkish women is bound in original silk bindings with vivid 1920s patterns, which emphasize the presence of a woman as a central motif.
FEMALE ORIENTALISTS: رد ره نان. اسلاميت و فنون
320.00€
[Redd-i Renan. İslâmiyet ve Fünûn / Answer to Renan. Islam and Arts] 12°, 76 pp., [2 pp] blank, later marbled paper wrappers with mounted original cover (one page with a sentence underlined in red ink, front cover with minor foxing, otherwise in a good condition).
Feminism in Late Ottoman Empire: قادينلر دنياسى مصور تقويم
1,400.00€
A rare miniature Ottoman calendar for women was published in 1916 during World War I by the first Ottoman Muslim feminist press, which also printed a newspaper under the same name, Kadınlar Dünyası (Women’s World). 7 x 5,5 cm (2.8 x 2.2 inches), [64 pp.], calendar with blank pages verso, portraits of contemporary leaders and dignitaries, original illustrated covers mounted…
FEMINISM: Feminismus. Seine Begründung und Folgen [Feminism. Its Rationale and Consequences].
380.00€
An unusual work in German language by a retired professor of zoology Alexander von Brandt, searching for the explanation for the female liberation, especially sexual liberation, and feminism through the history, evolution, botanical and zoological examples. 8°. VII, 202 pp. with black and white images, [2pp.], 4 black and white plates, original orange wrappers with lettering (sporadic pages cut…
FEMINISM: فه مينيزم. عالم نسوان [Feminizm. Âlem-i Nisvan / Feminism. Women’s World]
1,200.00€
First Ottoman book on feminism 12°, 85 pp., [3 pp.], contemporary pink wrappers (very good, wrappers with minor scratches and tiny tears).
FEMINIST MOVEMENT – SOCIALISM: Demokracija. Socialistična revija [Democracy. Socialist Magazine].
450.00€
A complete set of rare Slovenian magazine on social issues, published between 1918 and 1919, was edited by a women's rights activist, educator and politician Alojzija Štebi.
FINE BINDING – SICILY – NAPOLEONICA: Mirror: presented to His Sicilian Majesty, Great Britain, and the allied sovereigns reflecting political facts of the utmost importance, calculated to undeceive them; hitherto unpublished.
650.00€
A superb example, handsomely bound in a fine three quarter blue morocco, probably from the library of Napoleon II.
FINE BINDINGS / ROYAL BELGIAN PROVENANCE / PEDAGOGY: La pédagogie des familles, ou: L’éducation et l’enseignement mis à la portée de tous les pères de famille
1,800.00€
The Pedagogy of Families, or Education and Teaching Made Accessible to all Fathers of Families Book on pedagogy for fathers with a stunning binding, from a library of the Belgian king Leopold II. Small 8°, [4 pp.], VIII, 268 pp., contemporary red hard-grained morocco with gilt and blind tooling and lettering, gilt floral turn-ins, gilt edges, white moiré…
FINE BINDINGS / ROYAL BELGIAN PROVENANCE: Hulde aen zyne koninklyke hoogheid den Hertog Van Braband, kroonprins der Belgen, ter gelegenheid zyns achttienden verjaerdags. 9 April 1853
2,500.00€
[A Tribute to His Royal Highness the Duke of Braband, Crown Prince of the Belgians, at the Occasion of his Eighteenth Birthday. Apr 9, 1853] An ode in honour of the Duke of Brabant, the future Leopold II of Belgium, written for his 18th birthday. An example with a stunning watered-silk binding from the king’s personal library. …
FINE BINDINGS: Festpredigten
350.00€
A religious work in a fine binding from the Fürstenberg library at the Castle Donaueschingen. Small 8°, [2 pp.] blank, XXIV, 246 pp., [4 pp.], blank, full green calf with blind and gold tooling, spine with raised bands and gold lettering and tooling, original dark red endpapers, gilt edges (old tiny sporadic annotations in text and drawings (map and…
FINE CALLIGRAPHY / BINDINGS / ROYAL PROVENANCE: Société Philharmonique de Wavre Placée Sous Haut Patronage De S.A.R. Monseigneur le Duc de Brabant. Diplôme De Président D’Honneur
1,400.00€
A beautifully executed manuscript diploma for Duke of Brabant, the future Belgian king Leopold II, the honorary president of the Philharmonic Society of Wavre, Belgium. Small Folio (35,7 x 22,6 cm), [8 pp.] blank, 2 pages with manuscript recto, blank, contemporary red hard-grained morocco with gold and blind tooling and lettering, gilt floral turn-ins, gilt edges, white moiré paper…
FIRST AUTOPSY IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE: مقالات طبيه [Makalat-ı Tıbbiye / Medical Reports].
1,800.00€
A thesis on the first autopsy ever conducted in the Ottoman Empire, performed by Karl Ambros Bernard in 1841, at the Austrian Hospital in Istanbul, written by Hayrullah Efendi, a future Ottoman diplomat and prolific author 8°: [4 pp., index], 149 pp., 6 folding charts, contemporary marbled boards, restored calf spine, old paste down tile to cover bearing…
FIRST BRAZILIAN PHARMACOLOGICAL HANDBOOK: Compendios de materia medica feitos por ordem de Sua Alteza Real e Organizados por José Maria Bomtempo, Medico da Sua Real Camara.
9,500.00€
Very rare and historically significant – “the first Brazilian pharmacological handbook”, published in Rio de Janeiro, and authored by José Maria Bomtempo, the chief physician to the Portuguese-Brazilian royal court and an internationally-renowned authority on tropical medicine; the fascinating and surprisingly readable work was intended to educate military doctors working in the field in Brazil on how to identify flora,…
FIRST LITHOGRAPHED BOOK, ISSUED IN ISTANBUL: نخبة التعليم. طابور تعليمى
6,200.00€
[Nukhbat al-talim. Tabur talimi also Nuhbetü't-talim. Tabur Talimi / The Elite Education. Education for Battalions] 8°, [1] title page, 13 pp., 79 numbered lithographed plates contemporary binding with marbled boards, calf spine with gilt decoration, lettering and ornaments from original wrappers mounted on boards (binding with rubbed spots, spine with small cracks and chips, ca 10 tiny…
First Lithographed Folio Atlas, Printed in the Ottoman Empire: ىگى جغرافىا آطلسى [Yeñi coġrafya aṭlası / The New Geographic Atlas]
5,500.00€
Folio, 42 chromolithographed double-paged maps, original chromolithographed illustrated boards, recent black cloth spine, original green endpapers (boards with minor wear, light staining, light water-staining in the lower white margin of the rear cover, tiny chips to the margins of the front cover, spine replaced, crack in the joints repaired, a tiny tear in the Great Britain map).
FIRST MODERN EGYPTIAN ATLAS OF THE WOLRD: اطلس ابتدائي للدنيا : لاستعماله في المدارس المصرية
2,200.00€
[Primary Atlas of the World. For use in Egyptian Schools. First Edition] First Egyptian modern school atlas of the world, published in the year of the country’s independence, in 1922. Square 4°. Title page, 35 pp. with full page colour lithographed maps, bound in original blue card covers with title printed on front cover (title page little…
FIRST NAMA (KHOEKHOE) LANGUAGE PRIMER: NAMA- A.B.Z. Kannis, Gei *Hu- *Ze Khom-Ei-Kannis. / *Kunudsib. Bethanis.
4,200.00€
Very rare and historically significant - a gorgeous unsophisticated example of the first Nama (Khoekhoe) language primer and one of the earliest language primers published in Sub-Saharan Africa, the subtitle of which translates as ‘Shouting Together and Reading Book’; Nama, a non-Bantu language with its signature ‘click consonants’ is spoken by the Nama, Damara and Haiǁom peoples who are…
First Ottoman Book on Darwinism: داروينيزم [Darvinizm / Darwinism]
1,800.00€
A rare first Ottoman Book on Darwinism, printed in Bitola. 8°. 200 pp. with three interleaved images, [4 pp.], contemporary brown embossed covers, red label with gilt lettering in Ottoman on the spine, endpapers with art nouveau pattern (little age-toned and stained, binding slightly rubbed on corners, but otherwise in a good conditon).
First Printed Bible in Ottoman Language: Kitab al-Ahd al-Atiq. Kitab al-Ahd al-Jedid. Also: Kitâbü’l-ahde’l-cedide’l-mensub ilâ Rabbina İsa El-Mesih… also: Kitāb al-Ahd al-Atīq ; Kitab ül-ahd ül-cedid also: Kitâb-ı Mukaddes / The Bible [lit. The Holy Book] also: Biblia Turcica
2,800.00€
The first printed translation of the Bible into Ottoman language and the basics for all the later Turkish translations of the text. Printed in Paris with 17th century Arabic types, previously used in Napoleon’s Cairo press and one of the most elegant types made in the West. Two volumes in one. 4°. [4 pp.], 7 pp., 984 pp. [2…
FIRST PRINTED BOOK ON MODERN PHYSICS IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE. اصول حكمت طبيعيه [Usûl-i Hikmet-i Tabiiye / Principals of Natural Science]
1,400.00€
8°. [8] pp. index, [3 pp.] introduction, 454 pp. letterpress, 24 lithographed folding plated with 337 images, contemporary dark brown morocco with gold tooling and title on the spine, contemporary marbled endpapers, marbled edges (binding slightly scuffed and rubbed with small loss of material on the spine, cracks along the hinges, small scribbles to the rear of the front loose…
FIRST PRINTED OTTOMAN PRIMER / HISTORY OF IDEAS: نحبة الأطفال [Nuhbetü’l-etfâl]
1,600.00€
A milestone of children’s education in the Ottoman Empire – the first printed Ottoman primer and the first primer with modern educational methods for teachers. Large 8°, 68 pp. lithographed text with blank page after the front wrapper probably counting as p. 1, original illustrated pink wrappers, yellow sheet with printed instructions and black cut outs bound after the…
FIRST SOVIET HISTORICAL ATLAS / POLITICAL PROPAGANDA: Русский исторический Атлас [Russkiĭ istoricheskiĭ atlas / Russian Historical Atlas]
2,200.00€
First Soviet historical atlas, made by one of the leading historians Konstantin Kurjashov and accompanied with an introduction by a pioneering historian of the Russian revolutionary movement Mikhail Pokrovsy, glorifying Russian economy of the past and presenting the newly founded Soviet Union as a historical self sufficient formation. Oblong folio, 12 pp. XVIII with 58 numbered maps, printed…
Fisk Jubilee Singers
850.00€
Two ephemeral advertisements for the Fisk Jubilee Singers, an early African-American a cappella group that introduced spiritual music originating from enslaved people to audiences worldwide.
Folwark zwierzęcy [Animal Farm]
850.00€
A rare Polish edition of Animal Farm was printed in London for the Polish market, where the work was banned 8°, 94 pp., [2 pp.], original illustrated wrappers (Very Good, minor damages in the margins of the wrappers).
FORTUNETELLING / DECORATED PAPERS: Enchiridion Curieux [Handbook of Curiosities or Curious Enchiridion]
2,800.00€
A handsome, early 19th century illustrated manuscript pamphlet in French language explaining various methods of fortunetelling. Small 8°, [96 pp.] manuscript in French with illustrations and charts in black ink, contemporary wall-paper stenciled wrappers with manuscript label in black ink pasted on the front cover, originally bound with a linen string (minor, sporadic staining to the corners of…
FRANZ KAFKA: Parábolas e fragmentos [Parables and Paradoxes]
480.00€
Large 8°, 48 pp., [8 pp.], printed in black grey and red on thick paper, with mounted portrait of Franz Kafka under grey flap and 4 original linocuts in grey and black, original printed wrappers over blank paper boards, 215 numbered example of 296 (unbound as originally published, minor foxing, binding little rubbed with light staining and age-toning).
Freudism in Ottoman: فرويديزم. پسيقوآناليزه دائر بش درس [Fröydizm [Freudizm]. Psikoanaliza Dair Beş Ders / Freudism. Five Lectures on Psychoanalysis / Über Psychoanalyse: Fünf Vorlesungen]
420.00€
A first Ottoman translation of the Freud’s groundbreaking work on psychoanalysis, sexual origins of neurosis and the Oedipus complex, written by the pioneer of the modern Ottoman psychology Small 4°: 57 pp., original tan wrappers with lettering (wrappers with light staining, later spine
FRIEDRICH THE GREAT: بويوك فره دريق [Friedrich the Great / Büyük Frederik]
220.00€
8°, 16 pp. with black and white illustrations, original illustrated wrappers, stapled (tiny tears in margins of wrappers, otherwise in a good condition) (#70348).
Gallipoli / Dardanelles: چناق قلعه بوغازى و جوارى
280.00€
[Çanakkale Boğazı ve civarı / Dardanelles Strait and its Vicinity] 12°. 166 pp., [2 pp.] blank, original wrappers with tile on the cover and decoration on the back cover, recent black cloth binding with gilt lettering on the cover and spine and debossed decoration (slightly age-toned and stained, small cracks in the inner side of the original cover, otherwise…

![Die Reise nach Afrika. Grosses Schauspiel in vielen Aufzügen [Travel to Africa. Great Spectacle in Many Acts]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/IMG_6393-copy-265x331.jpg)



![DP CAMP PRINTING – SCHOOL BOOK – SLAVIC PRINTING: Zemljepis Slovenije in Jugoslavije za 8. gim. raz. [Geography of Slovenia and Yugoslavia for the 8th Class of Gymnasiums].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/68263-265x331.jpg)
![Искуство да бѫдемъ щастливи [The Art of Being Happy / L’arte di essere felici]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/70533-265x331.jpg)
![Съгласіе-то на четыре-те евангелія [Comparison of the Four Gospels]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/70799-265x331.jpg)
![Буквар [Bukvar].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65104_1-265x331.jpg)



![EARLY BENGALI NOVEL: হরিষে বিষাদ। [Swarnalata]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/2023-05-10_104836-265x331.jpg)
![EARLY ISLAMIC WORLD: تاريخ العرب العسكرى [Arab Military History]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Foto_2021-09-02_222300-265x331.jpg)

![Early Ottoman Lithographed Map of the World: مجموعهء معارف [Mecmua-i maarif]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/69497_2-265x331.jpg)



![Economie Rurale. اقتصاد زراعى [İktisad-ı Ziraai / Agricultural Economy]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/69652-265x331.jpg)




![EGYPT / TRAVELOGUE: مصور مصر خاطراتی [Musavver Mısır Hâtırâtı / Illustrated Egypt Diaries]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Foto_2022-08-24_150351-265x331.jpg)
![Egypt Atlas: اطلس ابتدائى للقطر المصرى [Elementary Atlas of Egypt].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/IMG_6334-copy-265x331.jpg)




![Elisabeth NEUMAYER-SOMOSSY – [Album of Artwork]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/somossy-2-265x331.jpg)




![ESPERANTO – BAUDELAIRE: La floroj de l’malbono [Les fleurs du mal]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65484_1-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO – BOTANY: Atakoj kontraŭ ĝardenplantoj. Kaj kiel prilukti ilin [Attacks on garden plants. And how take care of them].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65503-265x331.jpg)

![ESPERANTO – JAPAN: La kapao: kaj aliaj rakontoj [Kappa and Other Stories / 河童].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65493_1-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO – LITHUANIA: Litovaj popolkantoj [Lithuanian Folk Songs].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65495c-265x331.jpg)

![ESPERANTO – STINDBERG: Insulo de feličuloj [De lycksaliges ö].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65486-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO & ART DECO: La Mondon al ni! [The World to Us!]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65472-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO – FINLAND: La botistoj [Nummisuutarit].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65500-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO – HOLOCAUST REPORT: Medalionoj [Medaillons / Medaliony].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65492-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO – RACIAL THORIES: Scienco kaj pseŭdoscienco pri heredo kaj raso: populara skizo [Science and pseudoscience about heritage and race. A popular sketch],](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65489-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO CERVANTES: La malprudenta scivolulo : 33a-34a kaj 35a ĉapitroj de la verko “Don-Kiĥoto” [El Curioso Impertinente / The Curious Impertinent].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65609-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO POETRY: Eterna bukedo: poemoj el dudek lingvoj [Eternal Bouquet: Poems from Twenty Languages].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65946_1-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO POETRY: Kontralte [In Contralto].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65605-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO POETRY: Miniaturoj: speciala omaĝo al Zamenhof 1859-1959 [MINIATURES. A Special Tribute to Zamenhof 1859-1959]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65491-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO POETRY: Streĉita kordo [A Taut String].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65501-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO SCIENCE BOOK: Sciencaj studoj bazitaj sur originalaj esploroj kaj observoj [Scientific studies based on original investigations and observations].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65589-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO THEATRE: Jozefo: drama poemo en kvar aktoj kaj epilogo, bazita sur la Biblioa rakonto. [Joseph].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65615-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO-ESTONIAN POETRY: Elektitaj versajoj [Selected Poems].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65480-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO: Akbar. Orienta Romano [Akbar. Oriental Novel]..](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65482_1-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO: De paĝo al paĝo. Literaturaj profiloj [From Page to Page. Literary Profiles].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65481-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO: El la maniko [From Up My Sleeve].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65592-265x331.jpg)

![ESPERANTO: Krucumo [Crucifiction / Raspjatie].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65487-265x331.jpg)
![ESPERANTO: La kantistino [Die Sängerin].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65783-265x331.jpg)
![ESPIONAGE / WORLD WAR II: Према информацијама овдашњег министарства инострансих послова… [According to the information of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs here…]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/65305-265x331.jpg)



![Family Medicine in the Ottoman Empire: رهب صحت [Rehber-i Sıhhat / Guide to Health].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/home-265x331.jpg)
![FASCIST INDUSTRY: OPERE PUBBLICHE: 1922-1932 [PUBLIC WORKS: 1922-1932].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/opere1-265x331.jpg)



![FEMALE EMANCIPATION / ANTI-FASCISM / YUGOSLAV BOOK DESIGN: Žena v sedanji družbi [A Woman in Today’s Society]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/69201-265x331.jpg)



![FEMINISM: Feminismus. Seine Begründung und Folgen [Feminism. Its Rationale and Consequences].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/69197-265x331.jpg)
![FEMINISM: فه مينيزم. عالم نسوان [Feminizm. Âlem-i Nisvan / Feminism. Women’s World]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/69598-265x331.jpg)
![FEMINIST MOVEMENT – SOCIALISM: Demokracija. Socialistična revija [Democracy. Socialist Magazine].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/67345-265x331.jpg)





![FIRST AUTOPSY IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE: مقالات طبيه [Makalat-ı Tıbbiye / Medical Reports].](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/IMG_E1996-copy-265x331.jpg)


![First Lithographed Folio Atlas, Printed in the Ottoman Empire: ىگى جغرافىا آطلسى [Yeñi coġrafya aṭlası / The New Geographic Atlas]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/IMG_3944-copy-265x331.jpg)


![First Ottoman Book on Darwinism: داروينيزم [Darvinizm / Darwinism]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/70216-copy-265x331.jpg)
![First Printed Bible in Ottoman Language: Kitab al-Ahd al-Atiq. Kitab al-Ahd al-Jedid. Also: Kitâbü’l-ahde’l-cedide’l-mensub ilâ Rabbina İsa El-Mesih… also: Kitāb al-Ahd al-Atīq ; Kitab ül-ahd ül-cedid also: Kitâb-ı Mukaddes / The Bible [lit. The Holy Book] also: Biblia Turcica](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Ali2-265x331.jpg)
![FIRST PRINTED BOOK ON MODERN PHYSICS IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE. اصول حكمت طبيعيه [Usûl-i Hikmet-i Tabiiye / Principals of Natural Science]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Foto_2023-02-24_135801-265x331.jpg)
![FIRST PRINTED OTTOMAN PRIMER / HISTORY OF IDEAS: نحبة الأطفال [Nuhbetü’l-etfâl]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/IMG_9132-copy-265x331.jpg)
![FIRST SOVIET HISTORICAL ATLAS / POLITICAL PROPAGANDA: Русский исторический Атлас [Russkiĭ istoricheskiĭ atlas / Russian Historical Atlas]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/IMG_4590-1-copy-265x331.jpg)

![Folwark zwierzęcy [Animal Farm]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/69360-265x331.jpg)
![FORTUNETELLING WITH OTTOMAN ROSARIES: تسبيح فالى [Tesbih Falı / The Ottoman Beads]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/2020-03-01_011246-265x331.jpg)
![FORTUNETELLING / DECORATED PAPERS: Enchiridion Curieux [Handbook of Curiosities or Curious Enchiridion]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/IMG_2994-copy-265x331.jpg)
![FOUNDATIONS OF THE OTTOMAN NEW LITERATURE: تاريخ مجمل قرون وسطى [TARİH-İ MÜCMEL-İ KURÛN-I VUSTA]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/img_8640_1_-265x331.jpg)
![FRANZ KAFKA: Parábolas e fragmentos [Parables and Paradoxes]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/70090-265x331.jpg)
![Freudism in Ottoman: فرويديزم. پسيقوآناليزه دائر بش درس [Fröydizm [Freudizm]. Psikoanaliza Dair Beş Ders / Freudism. Five Lectures on Psychoanalysis / Über Psychoanalyse: Fünf Vorlesungen]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Dokument_2021-11-18_172756-265x331.jpg)
![FRIEDRICH THE GREAT: بويوك فره دريق [Friedrich the Great / Büyük Frederik]](https://pahormedia.b-cdn.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/70348-265x331.jpg)
